"Coffee Export" Business Plan:
1.0 Executive Summary
2.0 Company Summary
3.0 Products
4.0 Market Analysis Summary
5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary
6.0 Management Summary
7.0 Financial Plan
7.1 Important Assumptions
7.2 Key Financial Indicators
7.3 Break-even Analysis
7.4 Projected Profit and Loss
7.5 Projected Cash Flow
7.6 Projected Balance Sheet
7.7 Business Ratios
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We supply coffee bean
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This business plan was originally published by Palo Alto Software, Inc. All rights reserved.
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7.0 Financial Plan
We want to finance growth through a combination of long-term
debt and cash flow. Purchase of the larger facility and equipment will require
approximately eighty percent debt financing. Additional technology will be
primarily financed with cash-flow. Inventory turnover must remain at or above
four or we run the risk of backing up orders and jeopardizing our freshness
guarantees. We have had no problems with accounts receivable and we expect to
maintain our collection days at 30 with thirty percent of sales on credit.
In addition, we must achieve gross margins of thirty-five
percent and hold operating costs no more than sixty-five percent of
sales.
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7.1 Important Assumptions
Important assumptions for this plan are found in the following
table. These assumptions largely determine the financial plan and require that
we secure additional financing.
|
| General Assumptions |
|   |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
| Plan Month |
1 |
2 |
3 |
| Current Interest Rate |
14.00% |
14.00% |
14.00% |
| Long-term Interest Rate |
9.00% |
9.00% |
9.00% |
| Tax Rate |
45.58% |
47.00% |
45.58% |
| Other |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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7.2 Key Financial Indicators
The most important factor to Silvera & Sons anticipated
growth is the procurement of necessary financing. The size of the orders
currently requested by importers are larger than what can be produced given our
present plant capacity.
The following chart shows changes in key financial indicators:
sales, gross margin, operating expenses, collection days, and inventory
turnover. The growth in sales goes above thirty percent in the first year,
twenty percent in second, and back to thirty percent in year three after which
it will settle. We expect to increase gross margin but our projections show a
decline in the first two years following the purchase of the new facility. This
is due to the facilities not being run at maximum capacity. The projections for
collection days and inventory turnover show that we expect a decline in these
indicators.
Benchmarks

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7.3 Break-even Analysis
The break-even analysis shows that Silvera & Sons has
sufficient sales strength to remain viable. Our break-even point is close to
7,300 units per month and our sales forecast for the next year calls for almost
8500 units per month on average. Projections are detailed in the following
table.
Break-even Analysis

|
| Break-even Analysis: |
| Monthly Units Break-even |
7,333 |
| Monthly Revenue Break-even |
$1,774,667 |
|   |
| Assumptions: |
| Average Per-Unit Revenue |
$242.00 |
| Average Per-Unit Variable Cost |
$212.00 |
| Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost |
$220,000 |
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7.4 Projected Profit and Loss
We expect to close the first year of production in the new facility
with ($BRL) 26,260,416 in sales and increase our sales to more than ($BRL) 33
million in the second year and ($BRL) 46 million in year three. Net earnings
will average ($BRL) 2.4 million.
|
| Pro Forma Profit and Loss |
|   |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
| Sales |
$26,260,416 |
$33,021,600 |
$46,126,400 |
| Direct Cost of Goods |
$21,242,400 |
$26,712,000 |
$37,312,000 |
| Production Payroll |
$300,396 |
$316,884 |
$331,912 |
| Other |
$300,000 |
$345,000 |
$410,000 |
|
|
------------ |
------------ |
------------ |
| Cost of Goods Sold |
$21,842,796 |
$27,373,884 |
$38,053,912 |
| Gross Margin |
$4,417,620 |
$5,647,716 |
$8,072,488 |
| Gross Margin % |
16.82% |
17.10% |
17.50% |
| Operating Expenses: |
| Sales and Marketing Expenses: |
| Sales and Marketing Payroll |
$225,492 |
$128,150 |
$136,521 |
| Advertising/Promotion |
$144,000 |
$165,000 |
$165,000 |
| Travel |
$21,000 |
$22,500 |
$24,000 |
| Miscellaneous |
$24,000 |
$26,500 |
$28,500 |
| Other |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
|   |
------------ |
------------ |
------------ |
| Total Sales and Marketing Expenses |
$414,492 |
$342,150 |
$354,021 |
| Sales and Marketing % |
1.55% |
1.04% |
0.77% |
General and Administrative Expenses: |
| General and Administrative Payroll |
$119,400 |
$130,228 |
$173,377 |
| Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Depreciation |
$216,000 |
$216,000 |
$216,000 |
| Leased Equipment |
$50,400 |
$50,400 |
$50,400 |
| Utilities |
$36,000 |
$36,000 |
$36,000 |
| Insurance |
$72,000 |
$75,000 |
$78,000 |
| Rent |
$305,250 |
$300,000 |
$300,000 |
| Payroll Taxes |
$58,076 |
$51,774 |
$57,763 |
| Other |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
|   |
------------ |
------------ |
------------ |
| Total General and Administrative Expenses |
$857,126 |
$859,402 |
$911,540 |
| General and Administrative % |
3.26 |
2.60 |
1.98 |
| Other Expenses: |
| Contract/Consultants |
$18,000 |
$24,000 |
$30,000 |
|   |
------------ |
------------ |
------------ |
| Total Operating Expenses |
$1,289,618 |
$1,225,552 |
$1,295,561 |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes |
$3,128,002 |
$4,422,164 |
$6,776,927 |
| Interest Expense |
$262,644 |
$214,159 |
$161,392 |
| Taxes Incurred |
$1,299,147 |
$1,977,763 |
$3,015,582 |
| Net Profit |
$1,566,211 |
$2,230,243 |
$3,599,954 |
| Net Profit/Sales |
5.96% |
6.75% |
7.80% |
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7.5 Projected Cash Flow
Silvera & Sons expects to manage cash flow over the next three
years with the assistance of a loan supported by the Central Bank of Brazil of
($BRL) 2,700.000. This financing assistance is required to provide the working
capital to meet the current needs for the construction of the new production
facility and additional personnel, distribution costs, and other related
expenses.
Cash

|
| Pro Forma Cash Flow |
|   |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
|   |
| Cash from Operations: |
| Cash Sales |
$26,260,416 |
$33,021,600 |
$46,126,400 |
| Cash from Receivables |
$137,250 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Subtotal Cash from Operations |
$26,397,666 |
$33,021,600 |
$46,126,400 |
|   |
| Additional Cash Received |
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| New Current Borrowing |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| New Other Liabilities (interest-free) |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| New Long-term Liabilities |
$2,700,000 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Sales of Other Current Assets |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Sales of Long-term Assets |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| New Investment Received |
$0 |
$650,000 |
$650,000 |
| Subtotal Cash Received |
$29,097,666 |
$33,671,600 |
$46,776,400 |
| Expenditures |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
| Expenditures from Operations: |
| Cash Spending |
$1,400,401 |
$1,524,093 |
$2,133,911 |
| Payment of Accounts Payable |
$20,136,432 |
$29,123,331 |
$39,159,844 |
| Subtotal Spent on Operations |
$21,536,832 |
$30,647,424 |
$41,293,754 |
|   |
| Additional Cash Spent |
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing |
$144,000 |
$175,000 |
$200,000 |
| Other Liabilities Principal Repayment |
$27,600 |
$25,300 |
$25,300 |
| Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment |
$305,250 |
$294,636 |
$294,636 |
| Purchase Other Current Assets |
$60,000 |
$75,000 |
$85,000 |
| Purchase Long-term Assets |
$2,700,000 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Dividends |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Subtotal Cash Spent |
$24,773,682 |
$31,217,360 |
$41,898,690 |
|   |
| Net Cash Flow |
$4,323,984 |
$2,454,240 |
$4,877,710 |
| Cash Balance |
$5,318,244 |
$7,772,484 |
$12,650,194 |
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7.6 Projected Balance Sheet
As shown in the balance sheet in the following table, our net will
grow from approximately ($BRL) 935,626 to more than ($BRL) 1.48 million by the
end of 1999 and to ($BRL) 3.46 million by the end of the plan period. The
monthly projections are in the appendices.
|
| Pro Forma Balance Sheet |
|   |
| Assets |
| Current Assets |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
| Cash |
$5,318,244 |
$7,772,484 |
$12,650,194 |
| Inventory |
$1,780,800 |
$2,239,329 |
$3,127,952 |
| Other Current Assets |
$303,936 |
$378,936 |
$463,936 |
| Total Current Assets |
$7,402,980 |
$10,390,750 |
$16,242,082 |
| Long-term Assets |
| Long-term Assets |
$3,221,650 |
$3,221,650 |
$3,221,650 |
| Accumulated Depreciation |
$316,000 |
$532,000 |
$748,000 |
| Total Long-term Assets |
$2,905,650 |
$2,689,650 |
$2,473,650 |
| Total Assets |
$10,308,630 |
$13,080,400 |
$18,715,732 |
| |
| Liabilities and Capital |
| Current Liabilities |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
| Accounts Payable |
$4,375,408 |
$4,761,870 |
$6,667,185 |
| Current Borrowing |
($86,000) |
($261,000) |
($461,000) |
| Other Current Liabilities |
($27,600) |
($52,900) |
($78,200) |
| Subtotal Current Liabilities |
$4,261,808 |
$4,447,970 |
$6,127,985 |
|   |
Long-term Liabilities |
$2,796,750 |
$2,502,114 |
$2,207,478 |
| Total Liabilities |
$7,058,558 |
$6,950,084 |
$8,335,463 |
|   |
| Paid-in Capital |
$525,000 |
$1,175,000 |
$1,825,000 |
| Retained Earnings |
$1,021,611 |
$2,587,822 |
$4,818,065 |
| Earnings |
$1,566,211 |
$2,230,243 |
$3,599,954 |
| Total Capital |
$3,112,822 |
$5,993,065 |
$10,243,019 |
| Total Liabilities and Capital |
$10,171,380 |
$12,943,150 |
$18,578,482 |
| Net Worth |
$3,250,072 |
$6,130,315 |
$10,380,269 |
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7.7 Business Ratios
Standard business ratios are included in the following table. The
ratios show an aggressive plan for growth in order to reach maximum production
within three years. Return on investment increases each year as we bring the new
facility to maximum capacity and production. Return on sales and assets remain
strong and cost of goods decreases based upon efficiency projections.
Projections are based on the 1997/98 selling price.
|   |
| Ratio Analysis |
|   |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
Industry Profile |
| Sales Growth |
43.14% |
25.75% |
39.69% |
-4.40% |
|   |
| Percent of Total Assets |
| Accounts Receivable |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
22.10% |
| Inventory |
17.27% |
17.12% |
16.71% |
15.60% |
| Other Current Assets |
2.95% |
2.90% |
2.48% |
26.00% |
| Total Current Assets |
71.81% |
79.44% |
86.78% |
63.70% |
| Long-term Assets |
28.19% |
20.56% |
13.22% |
36.30% |
| Total Assets |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
|   |
| Current Liabilities |
41.34% |
34.00% |
32.74% |
26.20% |
| Long-term Liabilities |
27.13% |
19.13% |
11.79% |
18.00% |
| Total Liabilities |
68.47% |
53.13% |
44.54% |
44.20% |
| Net Worth |
31.53% |
46.87% |
55.46% |
55.80% |
|   |
| Percent of Sales |
| Sales |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
| Gross Margin |
16.82% |
17.10% |
17.50% |
33.10% |
| Selling, General & Administrative Expenses |
11.04% |
10.35% |
9.90% |
20.70% |
| Advertising Expenses |
0.55% |
0.50% |
0.36% |
1.90% |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes |
11.91% |
13.39% |
14.69% |
2.80% |
|   |
| Main Ratios |
| Current |
1.74 |
2.34 |
2.65 |
2.23 |
| Quick |
1.32 |
1.83 |
2.14 |
1.40 |
| Total Debt to Total Assets |
68.47% |
53.13% |
44.54% |
44.20% |
| Pre-tax Return on Net Worth |
88.16% |
68.64% |
63.73% |
6.50% |
| Pre-tax Return on Assets |
27.80% |
32.17% |
35.35% |
11.60% |
|   |
| Additional Ratios |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
  |
| Net Profit Margin |
5.96% |
6.75% |
7.80% |
n.a |
| Return on Equity |
48.19% |
36.38% |
34.68% |
n.a |
|   |
| Activity Ratios |
| Accounts Receivable Turnover |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
n.a |
| Collection Days |
0 |
0 |
0 |
n.a |
| Inventory Turnover |
12.00 |
13.29 |
13.90 |
n.a |
| Accounts Payable Turnover |
5.60 |
6.20 |
6.16 |
n.a |
| Payment Days |
58 |
57 |
51 |
n.a |
| Total Asset Turnover |
2.55 |
2.52 |
2.46 |
n.a |
|   |
| Debt Ratios |
| Debt to Net Worth |
2.17 |
1.13 |
0.80 |
n.a |
| Current Liab. to Liab. |
0.60 |
0.64 |
0.74 |
n.a |
|   |
| Liquidity Ratios |
| Net Working Capital |
$3,141,172 |
$5,942,779 |
$10,114,097 |
n.a |
| Interest Coverage |
11.91 |
20.65 |
41.99 |
n.a |
|   |
| Additional Ratios |
| Assets to Sales |
0.39 |
0.40 |
0.41 |
n.a |
| Current Debt/Total Assets |
41% |
34% |
33% |
n.a |
| Acid Test |
1.32 |
1.83 |
2.14 |
n.a |
| Sales/Net Worth |
8.08 |
5.39 |
4.44 |
n.a |
| Dividend Payout |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
n.a |
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